Patients with chronic hemolytic anemia may experience transient aplastic crisis (TAC). Most patients require no specific therapy. In addition, mild transient anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia may develop. Adults may also experience arthralgia and arthritis although these symptoms are less common in children. The rash usually resolves within 1 week but may occur for several weeks when the patient is exposed to heat, cold, exercise, or stress. Several days following initial erythema, a less distinct rash may appear on the extremities and trunk. Facial redness is similar to that which occurs when a child is slapped however, circumoral redness is absent. The characteristic erythema appears about 10 days later. Patients experience a mild, brief illness complaints include fever, malaise, headache, and pruritus. Transmission is thought to be via respiratory secretions from infected patients however, maternal-fetal transmission can occur and hemolytic disease of the newborn may result. The causative agent is human parvovirus B-19. A mild, moderately contagious disease seen most commonly in school-age children.
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